Abstract

The deterioration of water pipe networks resulting from lack of maintenance is a serious problem in most developing countries. Water pressure is diminished and water is lost because of pipe and valve leakages. This project will evaluate the hydraulic efficiency of the water supply network in the city of Ambato in Central Ecuador, assess its state of disrepair, determine the present demand for water, and set up a repair and maintenance program for the system.

Post-Project Summary

Researchers examined hydrants in the city of Ambato, determined their condition, and tested the water pressure in each at midday and during the night. Of 41 hydrants, 17 needed to be relocated (e.g. because they were in the middle of the street), eight could not be opened because the nut on the valve was stripped, nine were missing the 2-1/2-inch cover, and eight were missing the outer lid. Others had been paved over. A considerable drop in water pressure was observed between the night readings and the midday readings (hours of peak use), a few hydrants showing no pressure at all during this period. An examination of the main valves showed that out of 305 valves, 59 were closed, 21 were regulated, 9 could not be moved, 40 were missing, and 18 had been sealed. The need to use valves in a rational manner to control fluctuations in pressure was pointed out. An examination of household water meters revealed that 21% were damaged. An analysis of the water consumption pattern, based on 6 months observation of 59 households, was also undertaken. It was concluded that the demand for water could be met by better management of existing supplies. A number of recommendations concerning maintenance, regulation, monitoring, and billing were put forward.

Recipient Institution(s)